Bonda Tribes - one of the most primitive tribes of India The beautiful state of Orissa houses 62 tribal communities with the total tribal population of approximately 7 million. Among these tribal communities, the name of Saora (or Sabar) tribe is mentioned in the Hindu scripture Mahabharata. Few more characteristics of the tribal people of Orissa can be enumerated on the basis of the study and surveys. The tribes of Orissa though belong to 3 linguistic divisions, namely Dravidian, Indo-Aryan, Austric and Tibeto-Burmese.
It was in March 2007, 6 months before the VTT days, we travelled to Daringbadi and Baliguda-Belghar and saw the fascinating tribal markets of Dessia Kondhs and Khutiya Kondhs. One of the highlights of that tour was the tribal market and also this unique photo.
This is a exact cross-section with half of it being carried off to the in-laws house for marriage and celebration. The other side is a "treat" to watch, it has been cut exact in half. Quote:
Who are the Bondas : The Bonda or Bondo are an ancient tribe of people numbering approximately 5000 who live in the isolated hill regions of the Malkangiri district of southwesternmost Orissa, India, near the junction of the three states of Orissa, Chhattisgarh, and Andhra Pradesh. The Bonda are a scheduled tribe of India and are also known as Remo (meaning "people" in the Bonda language), Bhonda, Bondo, or Bondo Poraja. Their language belongs to the Munda subgroup of the Austro-Asiatic language family.
The Bonda are generally semi-clothed, with the women characterised by the wearing of thick silver necklace bands. The tribe is one of the oldest and most primitive in mainland India with their culture little changed in over a thousand years. Their isolation and known aggression continue to preserve their culture despite the pressures of an expanding Indian population. In contrast with many other populations in India, the number of females among the Bondas greatly exceeds the number of males.
The best way to view members of the tribe is by going to one of the local town markets. It is not considered safe to venture into their tribal areas. Bondas still use 'binnimoy protha', i.e. give-and-take policies. Every Sunday they use to go in a market.
They like to put castor oil in their head. Women make worli painting in their house.
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Norman Lewis' 1991 book "A Goddess in the Stones" is a must read and the way he describes the places and tribes in Orissa is absolutely enchanting.
In his own words ""Miniature in stature, they are the only Orissan tribe to show fierce aggression, killing not only animals but humans with their bows and arrows. Perhaps misleadingly, the Bonda girls have a sweet expression, so neat and pretty with their neck rings and shaven heads covered with a cap of beads which hangs down in front of their naked breasts."" Quote:
In the country markets you can see tribal people who live high in the hills where no road or visitors reach. Once a week they come down to sell their produce and buy cheap jewellery and cloth. You see people whose features you would never expect to find in India; some with the characteristics of Australian aborigines, others high cheekboned and definitely Asiatic.
Norman's words came alive when he talked about the intriguing Bonda people, who live in a dramatic, mountainous terrain and seem more primitive than other tribes.
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As such, we take a same day excursion trip to Ankadeli/Onukudelli, home of the approximately 6000 members of the fierce Bondas (naked people) of Tibetan-Burmese origin. They live in the remote hills & keep themselves isolated. They grow rice by shifting cultivation & keep domesticated cows & goats. They can only be seen when they come to trade at the local weekly market. The Bonda women are noticeable by their bead necklaces, striking brass & silver neck lets & their shaved heads decorated with plaits of Palmyra leaves.
This market happens only on Thursdays and believe it or not all rooms of Hotel Hello Jeypore is booked, not by Indians but by foreigners. Not a single tourist from our land. Of course, with the knowledge that I gathered from reading and all, we are not going to go there on our own. We gathered at the hotel premises and followed the foreigners [mostly from Switzerland] along with their guide. A big thank you to our guide for allowing us to tag along.
Early morning at 630 am we start again for Machkund and Ankadelli, following the Innovas with the guests from Switzerland
And pass the blasted police station again, by now it is like normal scenario like
As we reached some 1.5 hrs later, the market was just about starting, the local tribals were there but the Bondas havent arrived yet from their remote hills
We just followed the guide taking the foreigners around, where they stood we stood and soon enough we stopped a vantage point - a path from where the tribals pass for the market - and slowly they came
And my son, who was so excited, goes a few steps back!
Never photograph the Bonda men, apart from being very aggressive they consider it a bad omen to be photographed - this is only long distance shot that i have of them - that too from the hip level
And now more Bonda people were coming through to the market. Notice how the tribal girl is watching whether I am photographing or note. Will elaborate on the next post about photographing Bondas. But soon I find out the most beautiful of them all - truly speaking I was captivated by beauty and I go on clicking her!! isnt she beautiful - absolutely! One elderly foreign couple gave the soft toy as present, on hindsight we regret not having bought a toy from our house for the child.
As I am still engrossed and captivated by her and as wife captivated by her beads and jewelry, other Bondas pass through --- the market is now truly in full form and bustle...
Last edited by adc : 4th November 2009 at 16:31.
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