Hope the following essay will clarify the many queries raised in this thread:
First and foremost: Like any other business Ins Cos exist to make profit. So go through the fine print and try to get the best possible deal before taking the policy.
IDV Determination
IDV or Insured Declared Value is the value given to our vehicle in a policy. Insured and policyholder are same. For the first 5 years IDV is calculated as follows: Age of vehicle is calculated from date of Registration
New Vehicle-95% of Ex Showroom price as on date of taking the policy
Not Exceeding 2 years-80% of Ex Showroom price as on date of taking the policy
Not Exceeding 3 years-70% of Ex Showroom price as on date of taking the policy
Not Exceeding 4 years-60% of Ex Showroom price as on date of taking the policy
Not Exceeding 5 years-50% of Ex Showroom price as on date of taking the policy
After 5 years, IDV is settled based on mutual understanding between Ins Co and the customer. Normally vehicles that sell in good numbers and have a good resale value get higher IDV even after 5 years (Toyota, Maruti etc). Sales duds and high maintenance brands get a lower IDV (VW, Skoda, Tata etc). Normally insurers refuse to cover Obsolete Models or charge higher premium (Almost all models of Chevrolet)
IDV is the maximum value the Ins Co will pay a customer. As everyone would have guessed by now, with raise in IDV , the premium will also raise.
If the total payable amount exceeds 75% of the IDV, insurance co.s will settle the claim on total loss basis.
Once RC is cancelled they will pay the IDV minus scrap value. Most Ins Co.s help to find scrap merchant. The scrap merchant will pay the remaining value. If there is any outstanding loan on the vehicle, the payment will be made only to the bank.
Now lets come to Zero Depreciation Cover
When settling a claim, Ins Co.s normally pay only a depreciated value of the replaced parts.
Plastic, rubber and Fibre parts attract a flat 50% depreciation.
Depreciation rate of Metal parts increase with age of vehicle. A vehicle older than 5 years will attract 40% depcn on metal parts. For veicles more than 10 years, depcn on metal parts will be around 50%
The Zero Depreciation is an add on cover. Taking this cover will make the ins co to pay the full amount for spare parts without any depreciation. Normally Zero Dep is available upto 5 years of age. Nowadays a few pvt companies like Universal Sompo and IFFCO Tokio are offering the Nil Dep cover for vehicles upto 10 years of age. Needless to say the premium rates for Nil Dep Cover rises with increase in age of vehicle
While it makes normally sense to have a higher IDV, occasionally it may back fire if your vehicle doesn't have a Zero Depreciation policy. Scenario 1: High IDV
Consider a 6 year old vehicle that has very costly spare parts and is high maintainence. The resale value is 8 lacs, Customer negotiates and gets 10 lacs IDV. Car meets with an accident and needs 12 lacs to be repaired
Spending 5 lacs on a vehicle with a resale value of 8 lacs doesnt make much financial sense. An ageing high maintenance with a major accident will keep denting the customers pocket and also have a lesser resale value in future (On account of the accident)
If the customer had accepted IDV closer to the market value; say 9 lacs, his vehicle would have been considered a total loss and customer would have walked home with 9 lacs as downpayment for his next vehicle
Scenario 2: Low IDV
Consider a 8 year old vehicle that has good resale value and low maintainence cost. The resale value is 6 lacs, Customer negotiates and gets 5 lacs IDV. Car meets with an accident and needs 6.50 lacs to be repaired
If the customer had accepted IDV closer to the market value; say 6 lacs, and customer desires to use his car could have repaired the vehicle by spending about Rs 1.50 lacs
Moral of the story: Vehicle should be in the Goldilocks Zone-Neither too high nor too low RTI or Return to Invoice
RTI cover is activated only when a vehicle is declared as a total loss.
If the total payable amount exceeds 75% of the IDV, insurance co.s will settle the claim on total loss basis
Normally RTI pays the ex showroom price of the same variant of the vehicle as on date of accident. Some ins companies additionally pay the road tax amount, registration charges levied by RTO and the insurance premium paid at the time of purchase of policy.
Scenario 1-Model and Variant exists at the time of accident
Customer purchased Ecosport Trend MT variant with an Ex Showroom price of Rs 8.20 lacs (approx) on Dec 2019.
Accident happens on June 2021. The IDV of vehicle in policy is 7.20 lacs. Repair cost after all deductions is 6 lacs (83% of IDV)
Ins Co will have to pay Rs 8.84 lacs (Ex Showroom price as on June 2021)
Scenario 2-Model and Variant do not exist at the time of accident
Customer purchased Honda BR-V VX MT variant with an Ex Showroom price of Rs 11.40 lacs (approx) on OCT 2018.
Accident happens on June 2021. The IDV of vehicle in policy is 8.30 lacs. Repair cost after all deductions is 6.65 lacs (80% of IDV)
Problem is that, BR-V was discontinued by Honda from Apr 2020 onwards.
In this case Ins Co will pay the Ex Showroom price when the model was last available on the market. Ie Rs 11.84 lacs (Ex Showroom price as on Mar 2020)
However this is an unlikely scenario as Ins Co.s normally dont offer RTI cover for models that are phased out or rumoured to be phased out
Scenario 3-Model has a generational change and there is a huge difference in value
Huge price difference normally doesn't happen in the mass market cars. (Ie a new vehicle having Ex Showroom price less than 20 lacs). If at all such a scenario, occurs Ins Co may try to purchase a car of the older generation lying unsold at any dealer point and give to customer.
Besides many companies dont offer RTI for cars over 20 lacs, or charge a very high premium for the same
Hope this covers most of the doubts raised in this thread. Feel free to ask for any clarifications