Engine decarbonisation isn't entirely a scam. Sometimes it is needed for certain types of engines, especially two stroke engines and direct injection engines. The idea is to remove the carbon deposits in the combustion chamber. Why do we need to remove the carbon deposits? Let's have a look at the engineering behind this:
An ICE engine works on the principle of producing controlled explosion within the combustion chamber. This explosion is created by injecting air-fuel mixture in the chamber, and using a spark plug to ignite this mixture. Usually, in a new engine, the flame front generated by this process starts at the spark location and gradually moves towards the edge of the chamber (called laminar flow in fluid mechanics parlance). This is what's expected, because a flame front that gradually moves creates an even pressure on the piston head. In engines that have carbon build-up, the flame front behaves differently. Because the carbon deposits get heated up during regular running of the engine, the high temperature deposits can act as their own flame source. Ideally we want the flame to start at the spark plug and move towards the edge. But when carbon deposits create their own flame front in addition to the one created by the spark plus, these opposing flame fronts can collide and create an uneven distribution of pressure on the piston head, and likely result in turbulent flow. This is called an uncontrolled explosion. What are the effects of this uncontrolled explosion? - firstly, the difference in temperature gradients means some of the fuel remains unburnt, which causes a further build up of carbon in the chamber. Secondly, it puts side-ways pressure on the piston head causing the piston rings to 'dig into' the cylinder walls. Thirdly, it can cause temperature spikes which can damage the injectors, the spark plugs and even the valves. Fourthly, there's the issue of increased vibrations.
Now, having said all that, it is highly unusual to do this decarbonisation on a practically new engine. If the mechanic feels that there is carbon build up in the chamber, I'd be more worried about why this is happening in the first place. There could be several reasons:
1. Spark plug is not clean, or is not positioned correctly, or is somehow damaged. That's seems very unlikely.
2. The air fuel mixture isn't proper - the injectors are failing or the fuel pump is failing.
3. Oil is leaking into the combustion chamber.
4. Valves are not opening and closing properly.
5. The exhaust system has some restriction due to which there is excessive back-pressure.
These are some reasons I could think of and should be easily diagnosed by any proper technician. I don't understand how these issues could crop up in a practically new engine. So yes, it could be a rip off, or something is very wrong with the engine that you have. I'd press for more information on this. Carbon build-up, based on the location within the combustion chamber, can lead to catastrophic engine failure. I'd advise you to get it checked with a competent garage. Then again, I don't want to advise you to get the engine disassembled for what could possibly be just a scam. It's your call
