Over the course of the next few months, while we tried to unlearn Finland and adopt US, many aspect of Finnish life kept coming back on dinner table discussion.
Most common were:
Social benefits -
It's a known fact that the taxes are high in Europe and more so in Scandinavian countries. However, the social benefits more than make up for it as can be seen in some of the benefits I have gained when our child was born in Finland.
Childcare allowance- Child receives € 100/month and would receive it till 16 yrs of age. it increases after that. She pretty much earned her expenses. Further, the mother receives € 550/month for 1 child and would continue to receive it upto 2 years from child's birth. This only increases if one has more children. Loss of income - the mother receives 80% of last drawn salary (if applicable) for 10 months on account of leaving a job for maternity reasons. My wife got all of the above.
There are several local Daycares all over the place in residential areas. Most are totally free of any fees. However, most of these free places are mostly in Finnish and rare few in Swedish.
There are other private daycare options too and the welfare system (known as Kela) supports here as well. In Espoo where we lived, there are many English language daycares whose fees could be quite high. But then, Kela pays € 750 reducing the blow.
Education -
I'm pretty sure you have read in one place or the other about the high quality of education in Finland. It actually boils down to the teaching methods which, quite frankly, is quite different and it works. This applies to all levels of education starting from Daycare.
Education is typically free for all, immigrants and international students included. Specialized courses may have a nominal fees though. However, recently there had been debates to have international students pay fees but then, the student union has been fighting against it. not sure where it is now.
My wife did her 2nd master degree and paid nothing. In turn, she got one of the best education and also got paid for housing support. net-net this bit itself must've been worth ~ € 40k if not more when compared to the same in US or UK.
I'm happy I had earned back pretty much all the taxes I have paid in Finland.
Employment/Unemployment support - Gives a sense of security to know there is a safety net which is what the government provides in monetary support for a set duration of time while also assisting in getting a job closely fitting the education qualification. There are rules against hire & fire in large companies unlike in US where I have personally seen people lose jobs in days if not weeks. In my opinion, having a work visa with employer dependency has created a certain amount of toxicity in the US with employers clearly taking advantage. This could be a very biased comment but it is from my perspective only.
Healthcare - Being used to English medicine practices in India and similar in US, the first expectation from a doctor after a diagnosis is a prescription of drugs. Most of us are still tuned to this. However, the first time wife visited a doctor for a diagnosis and sought a prescription, the doctor shockingly asked - 'why?' and quickly reverted with a natural solution - Blueberries. Doctor even recommended us to pick berries from the woods and not buy the Spanish farmed blueberries from the super market. This actually worked wonders for many years ! In general we led a more healthier life. Remedy for fever, Headache etc - take rest for 3 days. Doctor will write a letter to the employer to grant leave.
Cost of medicine is another aspect to note. All prescription drugs have a subsidized price facilitated by Kela. Furthermore, if the annual cost of prescription drugs exceeds € 600, the cost of medicines drops down to as low as € 2 regardless of their sticker price or exclusivity of the same.
The kind of care is what my wife received when she was pregnant. Dedicated Post delivery care for child and mother was simply outstanding and cost us only € 100. Universal healthcare system ensures quality of care is the same regardless of one's income, religion, social status, nationality or Insurance provider.
Safety - Much like in the US, Finns love their guns. there are more than 1.5 Million registered weapons in a country of 5.5 Mn population but yet, there is barely case of gun violence. Most weapons are used for hunting where Rifles and shotguns show up. Also, there is a general sense of safety in all times of the day in almost all parts of the country which is quite comforting unlike the cases of gun violence we keep seeing in US every now and then. Some hue and cry about Gun Control and the voices die. Nothing changes. In general, even common cases of child kidnapping, Mugging, stabbing are all common news in US which is a disturbing fact most end up living with it in hindsight.
I can go on and on but most of these are fundamental Capitalism v/s Socialism differences and it was clear that socialism is what we seemed to have liked.
Suffice to say, we sort of decided to return to Finland at some point in life. US stint was on L1A which meant GC process was way shorter. New plan was to take the GC and then take a call whether or not we would continue living in US hoping the comparison to Finland would die gradually.
Note - most of the social welfare benefits are common across most European countries. Some aspects could be tuned to local demographics.