Hi everyone,
Just thought I'd share a website and article I came across on "How To Choose The Safest Motorcycle Helmet 2020"
Source :
https://www.motorcyclelegalfoundatio...t-you-can-buy/
An initial excerpt follows below. For the rest of the article where the safest helmets are listed, please click on the link above.
Cheers,
FourWheelDrift
How To Choose The Safest Motorcycle Helmet 2020
Michael Padway- Mar 24, 2020, 10:18 AM
Table of Contents
Safest Motorcycle Helmet Type
Motorcycle Helmet Safety Standards
Motorcycle Helmet Fit
When To Replace Your Motorcycle Helmet
Top 11 Safest Motorcycle Helmets
Motorcycling is thrilling. Feeling the freedom of the open road and the wind running across you is hard to describe. With the excess freedom you get from motorcycling, comes the responsibility to ride with a suitable, safe motorcycle, and safety gear. ATGATT (All The Gear All The Time). When you consider the acronym ATGATT, the motorcycle safety gear that comes to mind is the helmet.
In 2015, the use of motorcycle helmets saved an estimated 1,772 lives, and 740 lives could have been spared had the motorcyclist worn a helmet. Whether the law requires it or not, you should ALWAYS ride with a helmet. We’ve assembled a guide on the different things to look for when choosing the safest motorcycle helmet, from motorcycle helmet types and safety standards to helmet fit and safety features.
Safest Motorcycle Helmet Type
There are numerous styles of helmets, but the three main designs are the full face, ¾, and the ½ helmet. In regards to safety, the full-face helmet is the safest choice of the three.
The full-face helmet offers the most coverage surrounding your head and neck. A full-face helmet protects you from the environment you’re riding in, whether it be inclement weather or debris and bugs hitting your visor. One of the distinguishing features of a full-face helmet is a chin bar, which ¾ and ½ helmets lack. According to an Australian study, the chin encounters fifty percent of severe impacts during an accident. Only a full-face helmet will offer you the protection to keep your chin and jaw safe.
“Whenever you go out to get yourself a new helmet, always look for shell-built design,” says motorcycle blogger, Motorcyclist Lifestyle. “It is the first line of defense that protects your head to avoid direct contact with the road. [Choose] another helmet if the helmet you picked doesn’t have thermoplastic or reinforced composite shell-like polycarbonate. The second feature to look for is the impact-absorbing liner. As the name suggests, it is the inner liner of the helmet, which not only gives comfort to your top head but absorbs impact in crashes. It is the second line of defense that protects you from severe head injuries. The third feature is the chin strap. A helmet can only do its job if it’s properly strapped.”
One sticking point that you see a lot of banter on is the cost of a full-face helmet and why the higher price is a result of more or better safety. The truth is that cost doesn’t necessarily equate to more safety. Helmet manufacturers have standards like the Snell Foundation requirements, DOT (Department of Transportation), and the current European Safety Standard 22/05. These requirements help to ensure a quality product is released to the public. Beyond those criteria, the cost is more driven by materials used to make the helmet, features available, and the visual aesthetics of the helmet.
Motorcycle Helmet Safety Standards
There are several safety standards for motorcycle helmets, and knowing what they cover can be confusing. They can overlap in requirements, and have different criteria in other respects.
According to popular blogger, Motorbike Writer, “The most important feature in a helmet is its safety rating, so I’d check official ratings such as the UK SHARP website” (which will be discussed below). Here are the main safety standards and what you need to know about each:
Snell Memorial Foundation (M-95 / M2000)
The Snell Foundation certification is not a requirement by law in the United States (or around the world). Still, they go above and beyond the minimum criteria to thoroughly test helmets in many respects. Beyond motorcycle helmets, they test for bicycling, karting, and professional motorsports. Below are the safety features they test for:
Impact Testing – The impact test uses controlled impacts to simulate different impact surfaces. The object is to measure gravitational (G) force or acceleration. If the peak acceleration in any test exceeds a value, the helmet is rejected.
Positional Stability (Roll-Off) Test – A head form is mounted so that it points face downward at an angle of 135 degrees. The helmet is placed on the head form and the straps and buckles adjusted to obtain the best fit condition. Weight is connected via wire rope and dropped from a determined height. The helmet is turned 180 degrees, and the test conducted again. The helmet may shift, but must not roll off the head form to pass the test.
Dynamic Retention Test – The helmet is placed on a head form with the chin strap fastened under a device representing the jaw. The jaw piece has a 23 kg weight applied for around one minute. The retention system is tested by simultaneously removing the 23 kg weight and applying a 38 kg mass in an abrupt guided fall. The retention system fails if it cannot support the mechanical loads or if the maximum instantaneous deflection (stretch) exceeds 30 mm (1.18 inches).
Chin Bar Test – The test helmet is attached to a base with the chin bar facing upward. A 5 kg weight is dropped to hit the central portion of the chin bar. The maximum downward deflection of the chin bar must not exceed the stated distance.
Shell Penetration Test – The test helmet is attached to a base. A sharp-pointed 3-kg object is dropped from a prescribed height. The test striker must not penetrate the helmet or even achieve momentary contact with the head from inside the helmet.
Faceshield Penetration Test – The face shield (also called a visor) is attached to a test helmet and shot along the centerline in three separate places with an air rifle. The rifle shoots sharp, soft lead pellets at speeds approximately at 500 kph (310 miles per hour). The pellets must not penetrate the visor for it to pass the test.
D.O.T. (Department of Transportation FMVSS218)
FMVSS218 is the technical standard that defines the minimum criteria that a helmet manufacturer must certify against in the United States. It’s simply known as the D.O.T. helmet standard certification generally. The tests are very similar to the Snell Memorial tests. Still, the judged values are slightly different on criteria for impact, severity, and test equipment used. The Snell certification is more difficult to pass than the DOT testing. One additional note is that the manufacturer certifies their helmets in their labs. In contrast, Snell tests and certifies any helmet submitted to them from any manufacturer.
European Standard 22/05
The European standard is very similar to the DOT and Snell testing. The values and tests vary slightly on most criteria, and it also adds a retention standard testing for slipping, abrasion, retention, and durability. One additional test for helmet shell rigidity is done under the ECE 22/05 standard that is not done under Snell or DOT.
European BSI 6658-85 Type A
Europe also has a second standard that helmets are measured by, and it is very close to the Snell testing scheme. Passing values on specific tests vary slightly from the Snell standard. Still, many of the categories list the benefits as the “same as the Snell M2005 test” as a reference. The BSI tests also incorporate the chin strap slippage, retention, and abrasion testing seen on the ECE 22/05 testing.
SHARP
SHARP is a testing and rating system only available for helmets sold in the UK (United Kingdom / England). It measures just impact protection of the helmet based on similar testing to the other standards and rates helmets with a star rating system instead of a pass / fail result. The ratings are shown from a 1-star (lowest) to a 5-star (highest).
Motorcycle Helmet Fit
Each manufacturer’s helmet will fit slightly differently. One brand may be a better fit for a round head, while others may fit better for an oval shape. You can read reviews from each manufacturer, but you may get the best understanding of what will fit you best by trying a few. Sizing will vary from brand to brand; therefore, a medium in one brand may fit like a large in another. Again, trying on a few may give you the best feedback.
Current helmet technology involves an inner liner to absorb shock, made of EPS (expanded polystyrene) foam. There is a comfort liner that riders often mistake for a protective component, which also does provide some padding. A helmet should also have EPS foam in the lower area to adequately protect the face and jaw.
Fit is essential to finding the best helmet for you. What needs to fit is the EPS liner, not the comfort liner. A rough measurement should be taken from above the eyebrows, around the head at the furthest point of the back of the head, and around. A helmet must always be tried on and checked for fit. The chin strap should be tightened so that only two fingers will fit between the strap and the head. There should be no gaps at the top, front, back, or side of the head, although it should not be painfully tight. The helmet should be worn for a few minutes to gauge the fit. If you attempt to rotate the helmet, your cheeks should move. If the helmet moves or slips with rotation, or up and down, it is not a good fit. To test the chin strap, look down toward your chest, and see if the back of the helmet can be pushed upward.
Keep in mind that there are non-safety factors that make a big difference. These include the feel of the safety liner, the amount of airflow, and the size and shape of the eye-opening. Sound level is somewhat of a safety consideration, because it affects what is heard, and because wind noise over time will damage your hearing. Weight is more a comfort factor than a safety factor, but in an accident, the physics of weight may make a difference.
The most important thing is that the helmet fits your head correctly and that the chin strap holds it on your head.
When To Replace Your Motorcycle Helmet
Motorcycle manufacturer consensus insists helmets should be replaced every five years, even assuming you have not had any direct impacts that would jeopardize the impact protection of the helmet. This recommendation is mainly from helmet manufacturers and the Snell Memorial Foundation after studying the effects on a helmet from regular use. Helmet degradation is caused by normal wear and tear, hair oils, and body fluids, and cosmetics. Cleaners, paints, fuels, and other materials also affect the liner materials and overall helmet performance. However, I personally know many people who have maintained a helmet for longer than five years while replacing inserts, etc. This is mostly going to be up to your discretion and the position you’re in.
For the 11 safest motorcycle helmets listed, please visit the link at the top.
All motorcycle helmets aren’t created equal. While most full-face helmets meet certification criteria for the Department of Transportation, only a select few manufacturers go beyond that standard and have their products tested against the Snell Memorial Foundation criteria. When you’re looking for a new helmet, as a new rider or a replacement at the 5-year mark, it’s up to you to decide if you want a helmet that just meets the DOT or ECE 22/05 standard or goes beyond for Snell certification. All will protect you in the event of a mishap. Perhaps the difference will come down to the features and materials available. Good luck!
Michael Padway
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Michael Padway is a motorcycle accident attorney with over 40 years of experience in motorcycle cases. He’s been a lifelong motorcycle rider, and fanatic for its culture, advocacy, and safety.